Turpentine-box-cutting machine.



' No. 809,444. v PATENTED JAN. 9, 1906.

R. L. IVEY & R. n. MoDONALD.

TURPENTINE BOX CUTTING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED APB..4, 1905.

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A TTORNEXS PATENTED JAN. 9 R. L. IVEY & R. D. MoDONALD. TURPENTINB BOXCUTTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 4, 1905.

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TURPBNTINE BOX CUTTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 4, 1905.

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ATTORNEYS NO. 809,444. PATENTED JAN. 9, 1906. R. L. IVBY & R. D.MCDONALD.

TURPENTINE BOX CUTTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AFB. 4, 1905.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

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ATTORNEYS- No. 809,444. PATENT ED JAN. 9, 1906.

R. L. IVEY 5: R. D. MODONALD. TURPBNTINE BOX CUTTING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED APR. 4, 1905.

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A TTOR/VEVS UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIOE.

ROMULUS LESLIE IVEY AND RONALD DONAL MCDONALD, OF LAND,

FLORIDA, ASSIGNORS OF ONE-THIRD TO SIDNEY V. HOUGH, OF DE LAND, FLORIDA.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 9, 1906.

Application filed April 4,1905. $e1ialN0. 253,847.

T0 at whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, RoMULUs LESLIE Iv Y and RONALD DONAL MODONALD,citizens of the United States, and residents of De Land, in the countyof Volusia and State of Florida, have made certain new and usefulImprovements in Turpentine-Box-Outting Machines, of which the followingis a specification.

Thisinvention is a machine for use in cutting turpentine-boxes inturpentine-bearing trees; and the invention consists in certain novelconstructions and combinations of parts, as will be hereinafterdescribed and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a front eleva-v tion of a machine embodyingour invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a detailperspective view of the body portion of the cross-head. Fig. 4 is adetail vertical cross-section of the cross-head on about line 4 4 ofFig. 5. Fig. 5 is a detail top plan view of the cross-head, parts of theside bars of the main frame being shown in section. Fig. 6 is a detailperspective view of the transversely-movable portion of the 1 crosshead. Fig. 7 is a detail perspective view of a part of the lower end ofthe main frame. Fig. Sis a detail cross-section on about line 8 8 ofFig. 2, illustrating the dogs for gripping the tree. Fig. 9 is an edgeview of the cutter. Fig. 10 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 11 is adetail perspective view of the edge or lead cutter. Fig. 12 is a detailperspective view of one of the wide side cutters used at the outer sideof the body. or stock. Fig. 13 is a view of one of the narrower cuttersused at the inner side of the body or stock. Fig. 14 is a side elevationof the body or stock of the cutter, taken'from the side thereof oppositethat shown in Fig. 10. Fig. 15 is a crosssection of the cutter on aboutline 15 15 of Fig. 10, and Fig. 16 is a cross section on about line 1616 ofFig. 15.

In carrying out the invention we employ a main frame for supporting theseveral movable parts and comprising in the construction shown theuprights having the front bars A and the rear bars B, the uprights beingspaced apart, forming a way A between them, in which the cross-head maybe adjusted up and down, and the front and rear bars of the uprightsbeing spaced apart, forming between them ways a, in which slide thelaterallyprojecting guide portions or lugs on the cross head, presentlydescribed.

At their upper ends the opposite uprights are connected by the top plateO, on which is supported a spirit-level O, and this top plate projectsforwardly beyond the uprights and is provided at C with bearings for theupright screws D and is also provided with boxes E, in which isjournaled a cross-shaft E, having the handle E and the bevel-gears E thelatter meshing with bevel gears D on the upper ends of the screw-shaftsD, so that the screw-shafts may be operated to turn the feed shafts orscrews, as will be understood from Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings. Theupper part of the main frame is also provided with an arch or cross-barF, bolted at F to the opposite uprights and supporting a bearing F inwhich is threaded the upper tension-shaft G, having the handle G at itsouter end and the swiveled point Or at its inner end and arranged toforce the upper end of the main frame away from the tree in oppositionto the chain H, which binds such end of the frame to the tree, as willbe understood from Fig. 2, and to adjust the machine to any desiredangle to the tree. The chain H encircles the tree and is secured at itsends to the hooks H on the inner ends of screws H which are threaded atI in the extended ends I of a cross-bar, secured between the front andrear bars of the uprights immediately below the top plate 0. The screwsH are provided at their outer ends with the handles H and may beconveniently operated to tighten the chain H, and this chain may betightened in opposition to the screw-shaft G and said parts be operatedjointly to secure the upper end of the main frame in any desiredrelation to the tree and to bind it firmly in such relation, as will beunderstood from Fig. 2 of the drawings. It will be noticed that theextensions 1 project laterally beyond the uprights in order to get aconsiderable width between the opposite chain securing screws H as bestshown in Fig. 1.

At its lower end the main frame is provided with the laterallyprojectingwings J in the form of plates fitting at their inner edges between thefront and rear bars A and B, bolted near their upper ends at J betweensaid bars and preferably to the lateral lugs A on the bars A andprojecting downwardly therefrom in line with the space a between thebars A and B and deflected near their lower ends to lap on the outersides of the lower cross-bar K, to which they are secured by the boltsK, as shown. The lower crossbar K may be arched at K to fit over atreestump or to conform to the side of the tree when it is desired to soadjust said part. These lateral wings J form bearings for the tension orbracing screws L and for the lower chain-securing screws M, said screwsbeing threaded in suitable bearings in the wings J and being provided attheir inner ends, respectively, with swiveled heads L and hooks M, thehooks M securing the chain It and the swiveled pointed ends L bearingagainst the tree and said parts cooperating like the upper tension screwand chain in securing the frame in any desired relation to the tree andbinding it firmly in such relation in the use of the invention. We alsoemploy the pointed hooks or dogs N, pointed at N, to engage with thetree, as best shown in Fig. 8, and connected at their other ends withthe inner ends of screws 0, which have the handles 0 and turn inthreaded bearings in the inclined wings a of the lateral lugs A of theopposite uprights.

By the described tension-screws G and L, chain-securing screws H and M,and the dogs N and their operating-screws we are able to brace the mainframe securely in connection with the tree and to hold it in suchconnection during the operation of the cutter and its supportingcross-head, as will be more fully described.

The main screws D for operating the crosshead vertically or in thedirection of length of the main frame are journaled in bearings in thetop plates C and also in bearings D on the opposite uprights below thetop plate (3* and are threaded at their lower ends in bearings P on theopposite sides of the body portion of the cross-head. The cross-head, asshown, comprises the body portion P and a transversely-movable part orportion. The body portion P is provided on its opposite sides with theupright rails or ribs P which slide in the guideways a of the oppositeuprights. The body portion P also has a bottom plate P having at itsfront edge the central depending lug P forming a bearing for thetransverse screw R, which moves the POT". tion of the cross-headtransversely. On the bottom plate P between the upright plates P weprovide the transverse rails P for the portion of the cross-head, and insaid plate P we form the opening P through which drops the lug Q, inwhich the operating-screw R works in adjusting theportion transverselywithin the body portion of the cross-head, as will be understood fromFigs. 3 and 4 of the drawings.

The tool-carrier of the cross-head is provided with the base Q, fromwhich drops the bearing Q for the feed-screw R, and this base Q restsupon the base-plate P between the rails P at the opposite ends of theopening P and lateral wings Q rest upon these rails P and slide thereonin the transverse movement of the tool-carrier. This tool-carrier isprovided with the bearings Q for the toolshaft S, and the tool may beoperated by the turning of this shaft S, which may be operated by handor by any suitable power, it be ing preferred to couple with the shaft Sa flexible shaft S by which the shaft S may receive power from anelectric or other motor device. The cutter-shaft S has near its innerend an outwardly-facing shoulder S, (see Fig. 2,) which bears againstthe bearing Q of the cutter-carrier, so the carrier may be movedtransversely by its screw R to positively feed the cutter into the tree.S is a sleeve-clutch for the purpose of starting or stopping thecutter-head without stopping the motor or power. As this clutch forms nopart of the present invention and may be of any suitable well-known formof clutch, it does not seem necessary to illustrate the same in detailherein. It will be noticed that we provide a cross-head having a bodyportion movable in the direction of length of the main frame and meansfor moving such body portion in such direction, together with atool-carrier which is movable transversely in the body portion, and thetool'shaft is j ournaled in this transversely-movable portion, so it canbe moved thereby and is also arranged for movement independent of thetool-carrier whenever it is desired to set the tool by hand. By this wemean that while the shaft S is prevented from moving outwardly from theposition shown in Fig. 2 by the shoulder S said shaft S may be moved tothe right by sliding it longitudinally in the bearing Q, as will beunderstood from Fig. 2 of the drawings.

The tool is of a special construction, as will be described, and isadapted to cut in the side of the sap-bearing tree a pocket forming thesocalled turpentine-box, having inwardlyconverging walls and a flaringmouth to facilitate access to the sap accumulated in the boX forconvenience in removing the same.

In constructing the cutter T we provide a body or stock 1, which may becast or otherwise formed from steel in one piece with the centralopening 2 to fit on the shaft S with the hub 3 surrounding such openingand having a key 4 to enter a socket 5 in the cutter-shaft and securethe cutter detachably on the shaft 'as desired. The plate 1 is cut awayin its edges to allow a suitable clearance for the lead-cutters U, suchcutters having their shanksN secured by the boltsU to the edges 6 of thecutter-stock, the cutters U being arranged to operate in the centralline of the cutter-head and operate as leads for the outer ends V and Wof the cutters V and W, such ends of the side cutters V and W beingbrought close together, as shown in Fig. 15. On the opposite sides ofthe body-plate 1 I provide the ribs 7 and 8, to which the faceplates ofthe side cutters V and W are bolted at 9 and 10, as shown in Fig. 15.The bodyplate 1 of the stock is provided at 11 with a perforation intowhich projects a lug W on the inner edge of the face-plate W of the sideoutter W, and the side cutters W have their faceplates W and theircutting-wings W extended inwardly to overlap the hub of the cutterhead,as shown in Figs. 10 and 14, in order that the opposite cutters may outpast each other at their inner ends in completing the cutting of theinner side of the so-called box in the tree-trunk.

At their outer ends the face-plates V and W of the cutters are providedwith the laterally-projecting cutting edges W, which are curved towardtheir outer ends and slope inwardly toward such ends V and W, where theyoverlap the outer edge of the body plate 1 of the stock, the face-platesV and W being shouldered at V and W to overlap such end of the stock 1,as shown.

The inner and outer blades V and W are curved on different arcs, theinner cutterblades W being given a slight curve and a very slight bilgeor swell in order to prevent cutting into the heart of the tree informing the so-called box, while the outer blades V are given a greaterbilge or swell, so that in cutting the lower edge of the mouth of thepocket they will form such edge on approximately a horizontal line or sothat the sides of the mouth will not drop below the middle portion ofthe mouth, thus preventing any eakage at the corners of the mouth andincreasing the holding capacity of the boxto prevent wasting. This is animportant feature of our invention, as by it we cut a pocket forming theso-called mouth in a tree by a revolving tool, and such pocket will havethe greatest capacity possible, so that the sap may be accumulated andretained until collected into the usual vessels for use as desired.

We'thus provide a revolving tool having 'the lead blades or cuttersarranged midway between its inner and outer faces and having at itsopposite inner and outer faces curved blades with their cutting edgesextending approximately in the line of direction of the revolution ofthe cutter-head and with the outer blades given a considerable swell orbilge in order to form the mouth of the pocket or box in the tree-trunkof the desired shape.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desiretosecure by Let ters Patent, is

1. In a machine substantially as described, the combination of thecross-head having the body portion provided with side rails or ribs, andthe transversely movable tool carrier having bearings for thecutter-shaft, the cutter shaft in said bearings having a shoulderlimiting the outward movement of the shaft, whereby the shaft may be fedinwardly by a feed-screw, the feed-screw for feeding the tool-carriertransversely, the main frame having the opposite uprights composed offront and rear bars spaced apart to form guideways for the rails of thecross-head, said crosshead being provided with upright bearings for itsadjusting-screws, the adjusting-screws journaled to the main frame andthreaded in the bearings of the cross-head, the crossshaft geared withthe screws for adjusting the cross-head, the upper and lowertensionscrews for pressing the main frame away from a tree, chains topass around the tree and the screws connected with the main frame fortightening said chains to hold the main frame to the tree, the dogsadapted at one end to engage with the tree, and the screws connectingthe other ends of the dogs with the main frame for securing the mainframe to the tree, all substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In a machine substantially as described, the combination with themain frame, the cutter for forming a box in a tree, and the means forsupporting and adjusting the cutter, of means for binding the main framein connection with the tree, and means for pressing the main frame awayfrom the tree in opposition to the binding means, substantially as setforth.

3. In a machine substantially as described, the combination of theuprights spaced apart forming a way for the cross-head, and consistingof front and rear bars spaced apart forming guides for the rails or ribsonthe cross -head, the top plate connecting the cross-bars and havingbearings for the crossshaft and for the screw-shafts, the cross-shaftand the screw-shafts being geared together, the upper cross-barextending between the uprights and projecting beyond the same and havingbearings for the upper chain-securing screws, the arch or cross barextending between the upper ends of the uprights and having a bearingfor the upper tension-screw for pressing the frame away from a tree, andadjusting the machine to any desired angle with the tree, a chain forconnection with the chainscrews and adapted to pass around a tree, thecross-head having bearings for its feed-screws and comprimng the main orbody portion,

&

and the cutter-carrier movable transversely therein, means for movingthe cutter-carrier transversely of the body portion of the cross head,the cutter and its shaft, means for bracing the lower end of the mainframe away from a tree, the lateral lugs on the front bars of theuprights and having the rearwardlyinclined wings provided with bearingsfor dogsecuring screws, the dog-securing screws and the dogs connectedat one end with the screw and adapted at their other ends to engage witha tree-trunk, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. The combination in a inachine substantially asdescribed, of the mainframe, uprights having front and rear bars spaced apart the front barsbeing provided with lateral lugs having projecting wings formingbearings for dog-securing screws, the said screws and the dogs securedthereto, the lower crossbar connecting the uprights and extendinglaterally beyond the same, the plates J secured at their upper ends tothe laterally-projecting lugs of the uprights and lapping at their lowerends along the extended ends of the lower cross-bar and secured thereto,and screws threaded in said plates and adapted to brace the lower end ofthe main frame away from a tree-trunk, a chain to pass around thetree-trunk and screws threaded in said plates for tightening such chain,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. A machine for cutting boxes in turpentine-trees, comprising a mainframe, means for securing and bracing the main frame in connection witha tree, a cutter-head adapted to cut the box in the tree, and meanssupported by the main frame for carrying and adjusting the said cutter,substantially as set forth.

6. The combination in a machine for cutting boxes in turpentine-trees,of a main frame having the opposite uprights ,connected together,lateral extensions beyond the uprights, screw devices carried bythe'said lateral extensions for securing and bracing the main frame inconnection with a treetrunk, a cross-head movable between the uprightsand having a transversely-movable cuttercarr1er, means for ad usting thecrosshead longitudlnally between the uprights,

means for adjusting the cutter-carrier transmovable in said frame andhaving a trans versely movable cutter carrier, means for holding themain frame to and bracing it from a tree, the cutter-shaft journaled inthe carrier portion of the cross-head and a cutterhead on the said shafthaving at its inner and outer sides cutting-plates whose outer edges areprojected in the direction of revolution of the cutter and are curvedfrom the center of the cutter outwardly toward its periphery to form thecurved inner and outer walls of a box in a tree-trunk, substantially asset forth.

9. In a machine substantially as described, a cutter-head having on itsinner and outer sides cutter-blades curving from the center of the headoutwardly, the cutting edges of the blades projecting in the directionof revolution of the head, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

10. A cutter-head, comprising the body or stock, the edge or leadcutters secured to said stock and the side cutters on opposite sides ofthe stock having their cutting edges curved from end to end,substantially as described.

11. A cutter-head for cutting turpentineboXes in tree-trunks comprisinga body or stock and blades at the inner and outer sides thereof, theblades at the outer side of the stock being given a bulge or swellwhereby to cut the mouth of the turpentine-box approximately level,substantially as described.

12. The combination in a cutter-head of the body-plate, the ribsprojecting on the opposite sides thereof and the side cutters having thefaceplates lapped against and secured to said ribs and their outercutting edges curved, substantially as described.

13. In a cutter-head the combination with the body'or stock plate havingon its opposite sides the projecting ribs and provided with the openingsalongside said ribs, of the side cutters secured to the ribs on oppositesides of the stock or body plate, one set of said cutters being providedwith lugs projecting into the openings in said body plate and meanssecuring the cutters to the oppositelyprojecting ribs, substantially asset forth.

14. The combination in a cutter-head with the body-plate and the ribsprojecting therefrom, of the side cutters having their faceplates lappedalongside of and secured to said ribs, said side cutters being curved ontheir outer edges and overlapping at their outer ends the outer edge ofthe body-plate, substantially as set forth.

15. The combination in a cutter-head with a body or stock plate providedon its opposite sides with the projecting ribs and having in its outeredge notches alongside the said ribs of the side cutters having theirfaceplates lapping alongside of and secured to the said ribs andprovided at their outer ends with projecting portions fitting in theedge notches of the stock-plate and lapping the TIO igs

outeredge of the said plate, substantially as set forth.

16. A cutter-head for use in cutting tur:

pentine-boxes in tree-trunks having cutters at its inner and outer sidesand presenting in cross-section a form tapering toward its peripherywhereby said cutter when revolved in contact with and at an inclinedangle to a treetrunk, will cut a pocket constituting thesocalled box insaid trunk, substantially as set forth.

17. A cutter-head for cutting turpentineboXes in tree-trunks comprisinga body or stock, edge or lead cutters at the periphery of saidcutter-head and inner and outer side cutters having their outer orcutting edges curving gradually toward each other at the periphery ofthe cutter-head, the lead-cutters being arranged between the adjacentpairs of side cutters, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

18. A revolving tool for cutting turpentineboXes in tree-trunkscomprising the body or stock, the lead blades or cutters arranged midwaybetween its inner and outer faces and the inner and outer curved bladesat the opposite faces of the cutter with their cutting edges extendingapproximately in the line of direction of revolution of the cutter-headand with the outer blades given a swell or bilge whereby to form themouth of the pocket or boX on approximatelya straight line at its loweredge, substantially as set forth.

ROMULUS LESLIE IVEY.

RONALD DONAL MCDONALD. Witnesses:

JOHN W. SMooK,

A. E. GLEASON.

